Implementasi Program Kesehatan Kerja Di Perusahaan Sektor Manufaktur Kawasan Industri Cikarang

Abstract

Abstrak

Sektor manufaktur memiliki tingkat paparan bahaya kerja yang tinggi, meliputi kebisingan, debu, asap las, dan faktor ergonomi yang berpotensi memicu penyakit akibat kerja (PAK). Upaya promotif dan preventif dinilai lebih strategis dibandingkan pendekatan kuratif karena berorientasi pada pencegahan dini dan terbukti lebih cost-effective. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi program kesehatan kerja promotif dan preventif pada perusahaan sektor manufaktur di Kawasan Industri Cikarang. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif, melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan, dan analisis dokumen. Informan dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan keterlibatan dalam pelaksanaan program kesehatan kerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT XYZ telah mengimplementasikan program kesehatan kerja yang komprehensif, mencakup pemeriksaan kesehatan berbasis risiko, penyediaan fasilitas kesehatan dan olahraga, edukasi kesehatan, program Hari Tanpa Rokok, serta pengawasan lapangan melalui program Genba (safety patrol). Namun, terdapat keterbatasan berupa belum optimalnya pemeriksaan muskuloskeletal akibat faktor ergonomi, keterbatasan personel SHE, dan sistem surveilans PAK yang belum sepenuhnya efektif. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan implementasi program kesehatan kerja tidak hanya ditentukan oleh ketersediaan fasilitas, tetapi juga oleh kemampuan perusahaan dalam mengintegrasikan identifikasi risiko, pengawasan lapangan, deteksi dini PAK, dan budaya kesehatan kerja secara menyeluruh.  

Abstract

The manufacturing sector has a high level of occupational hazard exposure, including noise, dust, welding fumes, and ergonomic factors that potentially trigger occupational diseases. Promotive and preventive efforts are considered more strategic than curative approaches as they are oriented toward early prevention and proven to be more cost-effective in the long term. This study aims to examine the implementation of promotive and preventive occupational health programs in a manufacturing company at the Cikarang Industrial Area. The method used is qualitative with a descriptive design, conducted through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis. Informants were selected using purposive sampling technique based on their involvement in the implementation of occupational health programs. The results indicate that PT XYZ has implemented a comprehensive occupational health program, encompassing risk-based health examinations, provision of health and sports facilities, health education, a No-Smoking Day program, and field supervision through Genba program (safety patrols). However, limitations were identified, including the absence of specific musculoskeletal examinations related to ergonomic factors, limited SHE personnel, and an occupational disease surveillance system that has not been fully optimized. This study concludes that the successful implementation of occupational health programs is not solely determined by the availability of facilities, but also by the company's ability to integrate risk identification, field supervision, early detection of occupational diseases, and a comprehensive occupational health culture.